What are scalp fungal infections (scalp ringworms)?

what are scalp fungal infections (scalp ringworm)

Scalp fungal infections are the most common infections among children. Depending on the type of fungus, scalp infections can be spread from animal to human, or from human to human.

Symptoms of fungal scalp infections include hair loss (alopecia), fragile or broken hairs, and crusting of the scalp skin. The hair loss can spread circularly and can last months to years without any treatment. Bacterial infections can occur which can form pus-filled red bumps along the scalp.

A type of scalp infection known as Grey patch is commonly found in the US and is spread from animals to humans, or sometimes human to human. A black dot scalp infection is another type of scalp fungal infection that more commonly affects African American children and is spread only between humans.

Diagnosis for scalp infections depends on the type of fungus. A doctor may use a special UV lamp to see if the fungus reflects a certain color. Fungal infection can be confirmed by testing a hair sample or tissue culture of the infected area.

Treatment for fungal scalp infections requires taking oral antifungal medication (Griseofulvin) for 6 to 8 weeks. Certain fungal medicines are not approved for infants. Secondary topical antifungal shampoos or creams can also be applied along the entire scalp area to quicken healing time, but cannot substitute oral antifungal medication. Shaving the hair in and around the infected area also improves the healing process. Hair loss is usually temporary and begins to grow back after treatment.

To prevent spreading scalp ringworm to others, it is important for infected children to avoid sharing combs, towels, and hats. It is important for pets (dogs and cats) to be evaluated and treated for ringworm.