GnRH hormone and its role in reproduction and infertility

What is GnRH hormone

GnRH is an important regulatory hormone that controls gonadotropin hormone levels. GnRH hormones travel to the pituitary to stimulate the production of LH and FSH.   LH and FSH, in turn, regulate the production of sex hormones.  A lack of GnRH hormones in the hypothalamus can halt testosterone production in the testicles.  In women, abnormal GnRH levels can be responsible for ovulatory disorders.

GnRH is secreted by the hypothalamus, which is part of the brain.  The hypothalamus is part of the "Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonad" axis, which regulates the reproductive system in men and women. Secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus is delivered through a direct pathway between the hypothalamus and pituitary.

Disturbance of GnRH secrection can prevent normal reproductive function

GnRH hormones are delicately controlled by internal and external factors.  GnRH itself is controlled by other regulatory hormones such as FSH, LH, and testosterone. These hormones act in a negative feedback loop. For example, if there is excessive FSH or tesosterone, these hormones will inhibit GnRH production.

Lifestyle can affect GnRH secretion.  Examples that negatively affect GnRH production include lack of exercise, poor diet, opiod drugs, and excessive stress.